Forensic Studies on DNA Barcoding in Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17063/bjfs12(4)y2025303-326Keywords:
DNA barcoding, Forensic genetics, Genetic identification of speciesAbstract
Traditional taxonomic approaches for species identification, based on morphological characters, have limitations for application in forensic casework, which have encouraged the use of genetic approaches for this purpose, especially the DNA barcoding technique. Based on a wide bibliographic review, the objective of this study was to characterize, using categorized parameters, the forensic studies carried out in Brazil related to DNA barcoding, with a view to assessing the reality of the country regarding the development of this technique. The following categories were considered: scientific production over time, DNA extraction methods, organisms analyzed and genetic markers used, forensic approach used and places where the studies were conducted. The results showed that studies involving animals, mainly fish, focusing on the forensic approach related to food mislabeling, using COI as the genetic marker were more frequent. The scientific productions conducted in the Federal District, Pará and states in the southeastern region of the country stood out. Furthermore, although there is an opportunity for a more widespread use of the technique in the country, it is clear that Brazilian police forces and other institutions are already benefiting from the use of this approach.
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